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Colonial Page for Group 1

=__//**Conflict**//__=

On April 14, 1715 the Yamasee war broke out between British Settlers of South Carolina and some Native American tribes, including the Yamasee, Muscogee, Cherokee and etc. Some indians played a minor role, while others attacked South Carolina to destroy the colony. They ended up killing hundreds of colonists and destroyed settlements. As the war was going on, people fled to Charles Town where starvation came about when their supplies ran low. The question was, could South Carolina survive during 1715? The Cherokee took sides with the colonists against the Creek, their tradiational enemy.South Carolina's last major Native American people withdrew from the conflict in 1717, brining peace to the colony. The Yamasee war was one of the most disruptive and transformational conflicts of Colonial America. It was the indians most serious challenge to European Dominance. Seven percent of South Carolina's white citizenery was killed, making this war bloodier than King Phillips, which is often now called North America's bloodiest war involving Native Americans. This event marks the end of early colonial era in the South.The aftermath of the war led to emergence of new Indian confederated nations, such as the Muscogee Creek and Catawba.
 * //__Yamasee War__//**

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__//**Bacon's Rebellion**//__ Nathaniel Bacon, a 29-year old in 1676, led a uprising battle in the Virginia colony. The colonists did not agree with the friendly policies towards the Native Americans.When William Berkeley, the governor, refused to retaliate against the indian attacks, the colonists chased Berkeley from Jamestown, Virginia, attacked indians and torched the capitol. It was the first rebellion in the American Colonies. It all started in 1674, when the Doeg indian tribe stole hogs, the colonists rebelled and started killing the indians and then one of the Doeg indians killed a herdsman. After Berkeley when against one of the indian tribes, when he specifically said that he would not go against the indians, he grabbed 500 followers and demanded that he lead the militia against the Native Americans. When they started to take charge, they took out the innocent and friendly Pamunkley tribe. After all this Berkeley regained his power and Bacon became ill and died. []

[] The Rights and Freedoms of colonial Americans varied between the sexes,religion, and skin color of the people. Many African Americans who were slaves didn't have the same rights as the white people living in colonial America.
 * Rights and Freedom**

__**Rights and Freedoms of Colonial People**__ While the women had to sew, cook, take care of domestic animals, make many of the necessities used in the household such as soap, candles, clothing, and other necessities, the men were busy building, plowing, repairing tools etc. Women were considered to be the “weaker vessels,” not as strong physically or mentally as men and less emotionally stable. Legally they could neither vote, hold public office, nor participate in legal matters on their own behalf, and opportunities for them outside the home were frequently limited. For men they could do all of these things English common law limited the legal rights of both English and Colonial American women based upon their marital status, race, class and religion.An unmarried woman could own property, enter into contracts and sue or be sued. Yet once a woman married, all of her rights and properties were governed by her husband. Women were expected to defer to their husbands and be obedient to them without question. Men owned woman, almost similar to slaves.

__**Rights and Freedoms of slaves**__ Being a slave generally ment you didn't have any rights or freedoms. Slaves worked for a master and were treated like property. In colonial America being a slave ment you were a thing that was possessed, and disposed of. Slaves worked and English men got the pay. Some were house servants who worked in the home and others worked out in the fields. They had no rights of freedoms.





__**The Slaves**__
When the English settlers first came to the new world they did everything themselves.They soon realized that they needed some help so they hired slaves.They first tried trapping the indians but the indians ended up getting sick and dieing off because they weren't use to the hard labor that the settlers made them do. After that they tried black africans since they already had to work very hard so they were use to the intense labor. Once the settlers realized that they could get all of these slaves to do all of the work for them there was a HUGE need for African slaves. In 1690 the slave population was up at 8 percent and by 1770 it was up to 21 percent. The slaves did all of the work for the English settlers and the english got all they pay. English settlers would spend a forutne on these slaves just so that they wouldn't have to do any work. Not all slaves did extreme manual labor though. Some were known as house servants where they would just do household chores such as laundry, cleaning, and cooking. The price of slaves was extremely high back then so the only people that could afford it were the wealthy. Once the wealthy had there slaves the just starting makeing more money and the people who couldn't afford slaves were getting poorer. If the english settlers never had slaves when they first came to the new world, then the United States might not be the super country that it is today.

__**Change in Government**__
Another major change in Colonial America was the government. When they got to the new world and started actually being very successful they realized that they need some form of government. When they were starting up there government the British Parliment believed that they had the right to impose taxes on the american colonies. The British parliment tried to convince them that they had virtual representation over the American Colonies. The colonists said they had no representation over them and they couldn't tax them. By the 1720's all but two colonies had a locally elected legislature and a British appointed Governor but they would often clash because they both wanted power. Of course the colonists viewed the Legislature as a Gurdian of there liberty because they were able to control the Governor who they viewed as evil. Soon enough the government had to make more changes and they started tax on most of the stuff that almost everyone used. They had tax on importation of lead, paint, tea, paper, spirits, rum, wine, molasses, sugar, and other stuff that almost all americans needed and wanted. Of course the Americans were not happy with there new government when they had to start paying more for all of these items. The amount of Taxes imposed, along with some other causes, made the Americans not happy with the British government. They eventually got so unhappy with taxes that they threw tea overboard off a boat which is now none today as the Boston Tea party.

__**Common Peoples Experience**__
__**The Colonists**__ Many colonists lived on farms. Those that did not live on farms had at the least a family garden. Social status was usually determined by how much land one owned. By owning more land and having more political confidence one could move up in the ranks of the society. However the colonists were very self reliant people. The men and boys of the family went and hunted rabbits, squirrels, bear, deer, and other game for meat. The common family lived in one room farm housers. The houses were heated by one stove and the families had very few articles of furniture and then some didnt have any furniture. Commonly families would raise a pig for meat (the cow had not arrived yet). The main drinks were cider and beer. Back then even the children drank the beer, which today is illegal and highly frowned upon. The people drank cider and beer because the water there was to dirty to drink. It was not uncommon for bad health to be serious condtions either. During this time period the doctors were few and far between. They had no medicine back then and because doctors were not common the colonists had their own way of treating the sick which is probably why not many of them made it. Serious conditions more than likely for the colonists lead to much suffering and eventually death. Things that we think are simple today like pregnancy, were very difficult for the colonists. Infant mortalilty rates sky rocketed and for the women being pregnant was very risky. Many parents would not let themselves get attached to their new babies for fear that it would die shortly after being born. In most cases the parents did not name their children until they were at least two. When the children that survived infancy and their toddler years and were old enough to start working they did. The children made their careers and occupations at a young age. They learned how to do they job by actually doing it. Common jobs then were blacksmithing, locksmithing, gunsmithing, bakers and weavers. While there were hard times for the colonists they had it pretty good.

The common experience for the slaves was pretty bad. They were torn from their familyand homeland when they were forced to go into slavery. While in slavery they were forced to preform grueling labor for their masters and if they did not listen they were beaten mercilessly. Slaved were denied their basic rights and were subjected to mental and physical degradation. To the colonist it did not matter if the slave was male or female they were all treated as property. Even though both genders were equal in being known as property, the circumstances were different for males that were enslaved. They were considered to be more valuable for working then the women. African men that were enslaved preformed tasks and labors that ranged anywhere from building houses to field plowing. Although men were more valuable and better for working in the fields the early slave buyers started to buy females to help in the field. Slave buyers turned to female slaves in the field because labors such as blacksmithing or carpentry were mainly male tasks and the number of male slaves for agriculture work was reduced. The female slaves were also cheaper and were more readily available for the slave buyers. Depending on what kind of land the slave owner had, determined the type of job and type of slave that would be doing that job. On smaller farms with few slaves women were more than likely going to preform the same labor as the male slaves. Female slaves eventually out numbered men slaves in the field work. However on larger farms or plantations field work was split along gender lines adn the more physically demanding tasks were given to the men. Women usually hoed while the men plowed the field or while the men chopped wood for a fence the women would be in charge of constructing the fence. In places like South Carolina it did not matter that hoeing was womens work, the men hoed along side them. In west Africa hoeing was specifically seen as the womens job. This make the task of hoeing for the male slaves very emasculating. For women in Africa their role in society was to be a mother. During their slavery this part of African womanhood was completely debased. At nineteen the average enslaved female could be expected to give birth to her first child. After having her first, the women was expected to to bore one child every two and a half years. This could be a good thing for the pregnant women because they could usually get more food and less working hours. Women that did have children and proven more fertile became more valuable. They were also less likely to torn away from their families by being sold. Unfortunately for the new mother, soon after giving birth they were expected to be back in the fields. Being forced into sexual relationships for the purpose of reproduction was something that the female slaves also faced. It was not unsual for the women slaved to be forced into sexual acts by their owners either. The slave experience is definetly different the the colonist. For them things were much worse and they had no hope of it getting better.
 * __The Slaves__**

//__Government and Politic__//
Gorvernment and Polotics One of the first governing documents was the Mayflower Compact.It was signed by 41 of the 101 passengers the Mayflower. Though it was more of a social contract, it still showed thier allegence to the king. Here is a Modern Version of the Mayflower Compact. //"In the name of God, Amen. We, whose names are underwritten, the loyal subjects of our dread Sovereign. Lord King James, by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, King, defender of the Faith, etc. Having undertaken, for the Glory of God, and advancements of the Christian faith and honor of our King and Country, a voyage to plant the first colony in the Northern parts of Virginia, do by these presents, solemnly and mutually, in the presence of God, and one another, covenant and combine ourselves together into a civil body politic; for our better ordering, and preservation and furtherance of the ends aforesaid; and by virtue hereof to enact, constitute, and frame, such just and equal laws, ordinances, acts, constitutions, and offices, from time to time, as shall be thought most meet and convenient for the general good of the colony; unto which we promise all due submission and obedience.In witness whereof we have hereunto subscribed our names at Cape Cod the 11th of November, in the year of the reign of our Sovereign Lord King James, of England, France, and Ireland, the eighteenth, and of Scotland the fifty-fourth, 1620."//
 * //Modern version//**

Later on the English Crown granted propriotors and companies to establish colonies in America. The grants that were given were a basis for a separation from the power of the crown to new separte polocies in the New World. The new world were the states of New Hampshire all the way to South Carolina. Governers of these states(excluding Rhode island and Conneticut) became responsible for a great deal of things. As a new government began to emerge they enforced what was called "British Trade Laws". They also had to carry out the new laws for colonization and appoint administrative officers. They were also responcible for defending their colony. On of the more important political events was the "Zenger Trial" in 1735. Zenger was arrested for writing negative things about of the governer of New York. A man named Andrew Hamalton came to his defence and Zenger was found 'not guilty'. With his writing came the idea of freedom of the press.

> > Your topics seem very good. Both require a greater level of detail and need to be proofread and illustrated. Mr. Sontheimer
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 * __Slaver in the Colonial North.__ 2010. Digital History. 18 September, 2011. __([])__
 * __Slavery in the American Colonies.__ 18 September, 2011. __([])__
 * __Slaver in the Colonial North.__ 2010. Digital History. 18 September, 2011. __([])__
 * __Slavery in the American Colonies.__ 18 September, 2011. __([])__