Mod+2+American+History

New American Century Terms- Please place a short summary, three primary sources, and a link to the term that you have been assigned.

Spanish-American War- A “splendid little war” between the United States and Spain that started on April 25th and ended on August 12th, 1898. The conflict was started when the United States became involved in the conflict between the Spanish and the inhabitants of Cuba. When the USS Maine went to Cuba to project American and exploded in the harbor the United States blamed the Spanish and declared war. The war was relatively short and one-sided since the United States was a rising world power and the Spanish were losing their long-held empire. When the conflict concluded the United States won Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. Filipinos that expected independence after the defeat of the Spanish were disappointed by the U.S. occupation and fought a violent rebellion which was brutally suppressed.
 * || [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Charge_of_the_Rough_Riders_at_San_Juan_Hill.JPG width="825" height="251" caption="Remington's "Charge Up San Juan Hill""]] ||
 * Remington's "Charge Up San Juan Hill" ||  ||


 * || [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/USSMaine.jpg caption="The USS Maine after its' destruction"]] ||
 * The USS Maine after its' destruction ||  ||

[|Jim Crow] The Jim Crow laws were enacted between 1876 and 1965; they were state and local laws in the U.S. Some of the Jim Crow laws were the segregation of public schools, public places, public transportation, and public restrooms. It was believed that the white people were superior to the blacks in intelligence, morality, and civilized behavior. A black male could not shake hands with a white person. Whites and blacks were not to eat together or the whites would be served first. Black males couldn’t offer their lighters to a white female and blacks couldn’t show affection in public. Everything was segregated because of the Jim Crow laws.
 * || [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/10kMiles.JPG width="558" height="402" caption="Political Cartoon portraying the American Empire"]] ||
 * Political Cartoon portraying the American Empire ||  ||

Women’s Suffrage Movement The women’s suffrage movement is a foundation for all women to have rights equal to men. The first women were granted the right to vote only because all the men of the house passed away and that was Lydia Taft in 1756. The women continued the progress for many years leading into the women’s suffrage movement. The movement’s spread worldwide in large crowds. The women’s reasoning for this madness is the 14/15th amendment states you shall not be discriminated by race, so there argument is why not gender to. Following this statement in 1920 the 19th amendment was passed saying there are no restrictions for voting that are gender based.

[|Panama Canal] The Panama Canal is connected thru the Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean; it’s the key conduit international maritime trade. The canal was built from 1904 to 1914; the traffic has risen from almost 1000 ships in the canal early days to 14,702 vessels in 2008. The USA owned the Panama Canal to 1999. It was one of the largest and most difficult engineering projects that were ever undertaken. They first used the Panama Canal August 15, 1914. The concept of a canal near Panama dates to the early 16th century. The first attempt to construct a canal began in 1880 under French leadership, but was abandoned after 21,900 workers died, from diseases of malaria and yellow fever and landslides. The united states was interesting in building the panama canal, January 22,1903 **Hay–Herran Treaty** was a treaty signed between United States Secretary of State John M. Hay of the United States and Dr. Tomás Herrán of Colombia.  John Frank Stevens was the chief engineer from 1905-1907, he convinced Theodore Roosevelt necessity and feasibility of a canal built with dams and lights. He rebuilt the panama railway, and upgraded it with modern day heavy duty equipment. The canal is presently handling more vessel traffic than had ever been envisioned by its builders. In 1934 it was estimated that the maximum capacity of the canal would be around 80 million tons per year; as noted above, canal traffic in 2009 consisted of 299.1 million tons of. China is looking into constructing a 220 km railway between Colombia's Pacific and Caribbean coasts.

 =W.E.B Du Bois= William Edward Burghardt Du Bois was born February 23, 1868. He was an intellectual leader in the United States as a sociologist, historian, civil rights activist, Pan-Africanist, author, and Editor. Du Bois was the first African American to earn a doctorate at Harvard. Later he became a history professor at Atlanta University. Du Bois was a most prominent activist on behalf of the African Americans in the first half of the twentieth century. He was labeled the father of Pan-Africanism. = = = = =__**Theodore Roosevelt**__= Theodore "Teddy" Roosevelt Oct. 27, 1858- Jan. 6, 1919 After working in the Dakotas on a ranch, Mr. Roosevelt travels to New York to fight police corruption. He resigns as the Assistant Secretary of the Department of the Navy and organizes the soldiers known as the "Rough Riders" then stations in Cuba for the Spanish-American War. He earns the Medal of Honor for his involvement in the war. After the Spanish-America War ends he returns to New York and is elected governor of NY. He is in office between January 1, 1899 – December 31, 1900. Within two years he becomes the Vice President under McKinley, but on September 14, 1901 McKinley is assassinated and Roosevelt becomes President at the age of 42. "Speak softly and carry a big stick." was one of his slogans. While in presidency Theodore Roosevelt sent [|The Great White Fleet] on a world tour to demonstrate the power the United States had and he negotiated the end of the Russo-Japanese War. Roosevelt is presented the Nobel Peace Price following the negotiations; he is the first American to be presented the Nobel Peace Prize in any field. He does not run for president in 1908 but he does make a speech in Milwaukee, Wisconsin where he was [|shot] in the chest by the saloon keeper John Schrank on Oct. 14, 1912.

The bullet still lodged itself in his chest but he continued his day by giving a 90min. speech. "Ladies and Gentlemen, I don't know if you fully understand that I have been shot, but it takes more to kill a Bull Moose." This is referencing his political party. He travels to South America, where he pushed for the completion of the Panama Canal, where he catches Malaria. Theodore Roosevelt passes away due to Malaria at age 60. The river River of Doubt (Rio da Duvida) is later named Roosevelt River after the former President. Rio da Duvida, the River of Doubt, and trace it north to the Madeira and thence to the Amazon River. It was later renamed Roosevelt River in honor of the former President

Booker T. Washington W.E.B. Dubois
 * Booker T. Washington ** was born in April 5th 1856 and die in November 14th 1915. He was the first black man to graduate from Harbor University with a doctor’s degree. Booker was a teacher and author of a book. Booker was a political leader for the black community. He was very popular with all the black community and with some of the white community. Booker T was all so went to school at African Zion Baptist Church on Sunday.

Muckraker (Upton Sinclair)

**Muckrakers** where people who wrote before the first world war. They wrote about corruption in the government and about the poor work conditions. People like Lincoln Steffens who published “Tweed Days in St. Louis”, in which he wrote about corrupt leaders in St. Louis. There were many other works by muckrakers, which talked about a variety of issues in America during the Progressive era. These writers focused on a wide range of issues includeing the oil companys and the meat packing industry.





Yellow Journalist (Hearst, Pulitzer) **Yellow Journalism:** [|Yellow Journalism] or yellow press is a type of news feed that talks about un researched or false news. Yellow Journalist’s use eye-catching pictures, bold or misleading headlines and sometimes fake interviews to sell more news papers. These people are the reason why the Spanish-American came to be.



Temperance Movement The future of the Temperance movement was looking good; everything was going as expected for the enforcers. It was more so working for just slowing the drinking down and causing levelness, instead of the aimed goal; totals abstinence. The leaders of the movement became full of those that wanted complete abstinence and started fighting with those that chose to drink more casually. The movement was being interrupted. Still they kept pressing on for the movement to take place; they wanted to enforce it as much possible and fast. Soon people started giving lectures for temperance, mostly in churches first then at home and in families. Quickly groups were starting to be created, people would gather and lecture about the movement and then journals and documents were being created. For those that pushed for complete abstinence, they were met with those that thought differently. Many people felt that there was nothing wrong with drinking. Those that believed that drinking was a part of life, began preparing liquor on their own. Many farmers began taking their own crops of corn and cooking it into a homemade form of the liquors that they enjoyed before this movement. Obviously, this caused friction between the two groups. //[|Birth of a Nation]// Birth of a Nation //is also known as// The Clansman. //The novel// The Clansman was// written in 1915 by Thomas Dixion Jr. The movie is separated in to two parts the first part is about the civil war and is told from the south’s perspective. The second part is about how the creation of Ku Klux Klan and how they were the “law” of the south. The movie makes them as the good guy/hero that helps the south get back on its feet and put people in there “place”.